toxicodynamics
The process of interaction of chemical substances with the body and the subsequent reactions leading to adverse effects
Toxicodynamics describes what a substance does to the body once it has entered it. In food safety, it refers to how a chemical, contaminant, or residue interacts with cells, tissues, or organs to cause harmful effects, such as damaging organs, disrupting hormones, or affecting the nervous system. It focuses on the biological effects and mechanisms of toxicity, rather than how the substance is absorbed or eliminated.
EFSA uses toxicodynamic information to understand how and why a substance causes harm and which health effects are most relevant. By understanding toxicodynamics, EFSA can better judge whether observed effects are relevant to humans and ensure that safety limits are protective of public health.