upper bound estimate
A way of estimating exposure to a particular compound from analytical data by assigning the lowest value which can be detected (or quantitated) to all samples with levels below this value. For a toxic chemical this gives the most pessimistic estimate of exposure (i.e. the real level of exposure will always be below the upper bound estimate)
In food safety, an upper bound estimate is a calculation that assumes a worst-case scenario for exposure to a substance, such as a contaminant, pesticide, or additive. It treats all measurements that are below the limit of detection or limit of quantification as if they were at the highest possible value. This ensures that exposure estimates are protective of public health.
EFSA uses upper bound estimates to assess dietary exposure and determine whether people could be at risk even in extreme situations. This approach helps EFSA provide conservative and precautionary advice to policymakers and ensures that safety limits are protective for all consumers, including those who may consume higher amounts of a substance.