metabolism

In food safety, metabolism is the process by which the body breaks down and transforms substances from food—like nutrients, additives, contaminants, or chemicals—so they can be used for energy, growth, or safely eliminated.

EFSA uses information about metabolism to understand how different substances behave in the body, including how quickly they are absorbed, broken down, and excreted. This helps EFSA assess potential health risks, set safe intake levels, and determine whether a substance might accumulate or cause harm, ensuring that foods and additives are safe for consumers.