Call for data to submit data covering residue and toxicological data gaps for glufosinate
EFSA-Q-number: EFSA-Q-2024-00518
Published: 10/12/2024
Deadline for submission of data: 10/04/2025
Background
In 2024, the European Commission (EC) submitted a request to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to perform a call for data and provide an updated MRL risk assessment for glufosinate (mandate number M-2024-00071) in accordance with Article 43 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005.
In 2015, EFSA provided a reasoned opinion on the review of the existing MRLs for glufosinate in accordance with Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, in which, EFSA calculated the chronic and acute consumer exposure using version 2 of the EFSA Pesticide Residues Intake Model (PRIMo) and the calculated exposures were compared with the toxicological reference values (TRVs) for glufosinate that were set in 2007 in the EU and were valid at that time.
On 31 July 2018, the approval of the active substance glufosinate expired. An application for renewal had been submitted but the application was withdrawn before the Renewal Assessment Report (RAR) was finalised by the Rapporteur Member States (RMS) Germany.
Consequently, since glufosinate is no longer approved for use in the EU, the MRLs based on former EU uses need to be lowered to the Limit of Quantification (LOQ). However, Codex Maximum Residue Limits (CXLs) or import tolerances might exist for a range of commodities for which MRLs could be maintained, provided that it is proven that the levels are safe for consumers.
In addition, while, in the EU, for both glufosinate and glufosinate ammonium, the acute reference dose (ARfD) and the acceptable daily intake (ADI) were established in 2007 at 0.021 mg/kg bw and 0.021 mg/kg bw per day, respectively, the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR)[1] established in 2012, for both glufosinate and glufosinate ammonium, more critical TRVs, i.e. ADI at 0.01 mg/kg bw per day and an ARfD at 0.01 mg/kg bw, respectively. Furthermore, in the EU new criteria for identifying endocrine disrupting properties were established[2].
Lastly, both glufosinate (2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butyric acid) and glufosinate ammonium (ammonium 2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl)butyrate) have become subject to a harmonised classification, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 as being toxic for reproduction (category 1B)[3],[4].
Overall objective
The purpose of this call for data is to offer interested parties (e.g. food business operators, national food authorities, research institutions, academia) and/or other stakeholders, the opportunity to provide additional existing data on glufosinate previously not assessed in the EU, covering residue and toxicological data gaps according to the latest data requirements and criteria for identifying endocrine disrupting properties in order to investigate whether additional data are available.
Specific objectives
In detail, EFSA is launching a call for data to collect:
- additional toxicological data previously not assessed in the EU fulfilling the data gaps identified by Germany during the completeness check and reported in the word file ‘Data call tox - glufosinate’ prepared by Germany. As a matter of fact, considering that the last comprehensive EU review of toxicological data took place more than 15 years ago, the toxicological reference values should be reconsidered in accordance with the latest scientific developments as described above;
- information on Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) authorised in non-EU countries and the supporting residue data (supervised residue trials and any additional data not yet evaluated at EU level such as metabolism studies, standard hydrolysis studies, storage stability studies, etc) for the crops listed in the excel file ‘Data call MRLs - glufosinate’. It is underlined that GAPs leading to MRLs higher than the existing EU MRLs should not be submitted via this process but under Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005.
Data sought and data submission format
Interested parties are requested to go through the above mentioned files, providing the missing studies highlighted in the word file ‘Data call tox - glufosinate’ and in column G ‘action’ of the excel file ‘Data call MRLs - glufosinate’.
The toxicological and residues studies must have been finalised before the beginning of the call for data.
In addition, EFSA kindly invites interested parties to submit the Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) authorised in non-EU countries by using one of the following templates for GAPs reporting form attached to this data call, using the naming convention given:
- ‘yyyymmdd_GAP_form_[country]_glufosinate_conventional crops’
- ‘yyyymmdd_GAP_form_[country]_glufosinate_tolerant BAR'
- ‘yyyymmdd_GAP_form_[country]_glufosinate_tolerant PAT’
It is highlighted that only GAPs clearly reported by using the GAP form will be considered for the assessment. Further information on how to compile the form is given in the first sheet of the GAP form file. Please refer to the .zip folder called 'GAP forms' at the bottom of this page.
Deadline for submission of data
Interested parties and stakeholders should submit data by 10/04/2025 complying with the information described in this call.
Confidentiality
In order to comply with its requirements for proactive transparency, EFSA must, inter alia, make public the information on which its scientific outputs are based, as outlined in Article 38(1)(d) of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, the “General Food Law” (GFL) and Article 6(1)(i) of EFSA’s Practical Arrangements concerning transparency and confidentiality (“EFSA’s Practical Arrangements”). Information/data received in the context of the present call are subject to the afore-mentioned proactive transparency requirements insofar as they will constitute information on which scientific outputs, including scientific opinions, are based.
However, in accordance with Articles 39-39e of the GFL confidential status may be awarded to information the disclosure of which might potentially harm the information owner to a significant degree. Provided that the conditions set out in Articles 39-39e and further detailed in EFSA’s Practical Arrangements are satisfied, EFSA must not make public any information/data for which confidential treatment has been requested and duly justified pending its confidentiality assessment where urgent action is essential to protect human health, animal health or the environment.
Submission of information/data
Interested business operators and/or parties should submit the information/data in electronic format exclusively via the tool Submission Builder “Portalino” (available here).
Submission of data in any other form (email, third party e-submission platforms, etc) will not be accepted.
Information on how to use Portalino and submit confidentiality requests is available here. Information regarding confidentiality can be found in the User Guide on Confidentiality.
Interested business operators and/or interested parties should submit the following information to EFSA via Portalino, clearly stating:
- in the Subject of the submission: Call for data on Glufosinate EFSA-Q-2024-00518;
- The contact details (name of contact person, name of company/organisation, e-mail address and telephone number) of the person responsible for the data submission and, if applicable, the list of interested business operators and/or interested parties represented and their contact details.
When sharing information/data with EFSA, certain parts of the information/data may be requested to be treated as confidential provided that:
- the information falls within the scope of the closed list of information items listed in the Annex to EFSA’s Practical Arrangements and
- the confidentiality request is accompanied by a verifiable justification that demonstrates how the public disclosure of the information/data for which confidential status is requested would harm your interests to a significant degree.
- When claiming confidentiality for some of the information/data, both a non-confidential (public dissemination) and a confidential version of the information/data must be submitted as indicated here. A separate confidentiality request must be submitted for each document and for each legal ground under which information is claimed confidential. A precise description of the information/data claimed confidential must be provided to enable a clear identification and the information/data claimed confidential must be earmarked in the confidential version and redacted in the non-confidential version.
For submissions which do not contain any confidential information, only a non-confidential (public dissemination) version needs to be uploaded to Portalino.
Please note that EFSA may, where legally possible, use or re-use relevant information or data (e.g., technical, toxicological data) for the assessment of the same or another substance/topic under the same or a different legal or regulatory framework from the one mentioned above.
Correspondence
Please address any enquiries to RAL [at] efsa.europa.eu (RAL[at]efsa[dot]europa[dot]eu), and please remember to include “Call for data on Glufosinate EFSA-Q-2024-00518” in the title of your email.
[1]Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group on Pesticide Residues Rome, Italy, 11-20 September 2012.
[2]Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/605 of 19 April 2018 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 by setting out scientific criteria for the determination of endocrine disrupting properties.
[3]https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/18416
[4]https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/35913