Dietary reference values: EFSA publishes advice on choline
EFSA has set dietary reference values for choline as part of its review of scientific advice on nutrientAn element or compound needed for normal growth, development and health maintenance. Essential nutrients cannot be made by the body and must, therefore, be consumed from food intakes. Choline plays an important role in the human body, in particular for the maintenance of normal liver function.
The Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) defines daily adequate intakes (AIs) for choline as follows:
- 400 mg for adults and adolescents aged 15-17 years.
- 140 to 340 mg for children aged 1-14 years.
- 160 mg for infants aged 7-11 months.
- 480 mg for pregnant women and 520 mg for lactating women.
The findings of the NDA Panel are based on consumption data from national surveys conducted on healthy people in the European Union. The Panel also considered data on the amounts of choline needed to replenish the body in case of a deficiencyA lack of a necessary factor in, for example, the diet or the environment which results in harm to the growth of an organism.
Choline deficiency can have adverse effects, including fatty liver, and liver and muscle damage. Food sources of choline include eggs, meat, fish, whole grains, vegetables and fruit, as well as fats and oils.
EFSA received comments and input on the draft opinion during a four-week public consultation in early 2016.
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Departamento de Relações com a Imprensa daA dose adequada (DA) é uma recomendação alimentar utilizada quando não existem dados suficientes para calcular um requisito médio. A DA é o nível médio de nutrientes consumidos diariamente por uma população saudável típica, que se presume ser adequada às necessidades da população EFSA
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