The Community Summary Report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from animals and food in the European Union in 2004-2007

Zoonoses are infections that are transmissible between animals and humans. Zoonotic bacteria that are resistant to antimicrobials are of special concern since they might compromise the effective treatment of infections in humans. During 2004-2007, 26 European Union Member States and two other countries submitted information on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic bacteria originating from animals and food to the European Commission and to the European Food Safety Authority. Quantitative and qualitative data on the antimicrobial resistance was reported regarding Salmonella, Campylobacter, indicator Escherichia coli and indicator enterococci isolates from poultry, pigs and cattle as well as from meat. The quantitative data was analysed by using epidemiological cutoff values defining the resistance. Resistance to antimicrobials was commonly found among the isolates tested. For some antimicrobials, large differences in the occurrence of resistance were observed between Member States. At Member State level the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance over time remained in most cases relatively stable. Some Member States reported a high occurrence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella isolates from poultry and in Campylobacter isolates from poultry, pigs and cattle as well as from meat. This is of concern, since fluoroquinolones are defined as critically important antimicrobials in human medicine. Some Member States also reported resistance to third generation cephalosporins and macrolides, which are also antimicrobial groups of critical importance in human medicine.